Electrical condenser



1932- w. H. PRIESS 1,889,569

' ELECTRICAL CONDENSER Original Filed Jan. 6. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet liNVENTOR ATTORNEY NOV. 29, 1932. w H, 1211555 1,889,569

ELECTRICAL CONDENSER Original Filed Jan. 6. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2ATTORNEY Qll PATENT ossie-E 39313385, 015 UPPER MONTCLAIR, JERSEY,

..%SIGNQIF, MESNE ELECTRICAL GONDENfSfiR original application fliedJanuary 6-, i922, Serial 1T0. 527,449. Dividezi and this: masticationBlot! September 125, 1928', Serial No. memo;

This eppiicetion is a division of my applin n cation Series No. 527,449.iiieti January 0,

which seveeei forms are illustrated snci described, ore gen-em!appiicetion or use. By Way of exam-pie, they are edspteci for 9 use asseries antenna oonfiensers, grid condensers, key condensers, bypasscondensers, dummy circuit condensers anci receiving oil: cuitcoiiiienseis, for amateur 01 commercial use in radio communication. Theconcienser of this invention comprises stack composed of alternatesheets of condoctors and dielectric, the conductoi s comprising foiipiefei'ebiy of iesci tin or copper and. the dieiecti'ic being preferablyof mice, with the sheets of Foil and dielectric in intimate contact.suhstantioiiy so, and prefeirohiy was 01 some other in suietinemateriel.

object of the invention is to provide a cieney.

Another object 0 side on i2 the inven ion is to proe its at spring tomaintain the eienients l intimate contact,

3 object of the invention is to pros for securing snoi proiemis.

t invention is to prozion of series section stack in Lila leads may hebro out at oppo ids. irrespective of the number of se Another oh of theinvention is to provnio no. nope-o led the condenser embodiment in ViSWthereof; ooizing in the (iITGC- iow cost, compact condenser of higheffithe invention is to pro locked Within member.

of the condenser, on line H of Fig. 1, iiiustrating the menis i ofattaching the leads and embedding the same;

Fig. 5 is a perspective View one of the casing or damping ports;

Fig. 6 is e perspective View of another casing 01 clamping sort, thebroken lines at the left indicating e unstressed condition of the portprior to esseinhiy;

Figs. 7 endB are perspective views of insulating parts.

. Fig. 9 is e detaii o" e vertical section taken at right les to sowingFig. 4.

In the term my invention. illustrated, thecasing or clamp comprisesshown in Fig. 5, a box-like vert, oiip or member comprising a bottom ortransverse portion 16 and sicie portions 18 entenciing verticeilytherefrom, the remaining opposite free edges of the surface 1'8 beingprovided with outward- 1y upturned ribs 01 eoges i7 constitutingreinforcing or stiffening means with the side portions 18. At the edgesof the-side poitions 18 are tugs or tongues 19 for the pur posehereinafter described. This hex-like member is provided withinwerciiy-projecting lips 20 at opposite ends, which are suficientiyseparated to provide 21 casing open at its opposite ends :11; member ofFig. 5 consists of sheet metei such es iron, is e. fowi which may Zoevei y' easily stamped out shaped as illustrates; in Fig. 5. inessemhiing the condenser stecii Within this part. is preferably insniated therefrom means of an insulating sheet 21 2, preferably of fishpaper separately iiinsti'oteci in Fig. 8, which has reduced positions 3at opposite ends pro viding notches ie severei corners there of g Th she2251s asseinhied the iii not so iiice oi bottom 16 oi the with its 23pioiecting through the open. ends 15. as itrsteti in Jfiigs. 1 end Q,with its notch s cooperating with mwsrdig directeel. s :20 of the memberof Fig, Wheiehv insuieting plate 22 i The two inso- Eating parts 25iiiostreteci in Fig. 7, which may consist iiheWis-e of some cheepinsuieting su cs passe are next 3:.

sembled vertically against the inner Walls 18 of the member of Fig. 5.Each of the two' insulating strips 25 has at its opposite ends oflsetportions 26 providing intermediate portions 27 at right angles to thegeneral plane of the part 25. Theportions of the' the casing againstcndwise movement. After these insulating parts 22 and 25 are assembledwithin the casing, the stack is then positioned against them. Upon thestack is placed a second fish paper sheet or plate 28 (Figs. 1 and 3)identical in contour with member 22 illustrated in Fig. 8. Thisinsulating plate 28 like 22 is held from condenser movement by theinwardly-projecting lips 20 engaging in notches 24, Fig. 8. After plates22, 28, 25, 25 have been positioned, a spring plate 29, preferably ofspring steel such as vanadium steel, separately shown in Fig. 6. isithensecured in position on top of the member of Fig. 5 as illustrated inFigs- 1 and 3, this plate 29 lying face to face with insulating plate28. This securing is done preferably by passing the tongues 19 at oneside of the member of Fig. 5 through slots or holes 30 along one edge ofthe member 29 (or Vice versa construction) and then bending the tongues19 over to lock one side of the plate 29 in position as illustrated inFigs. 1 and 3, and after this is done the opposite side of spring member29 is pressed down flat, putting it under tension and then is securedinsuch condition by inserting the opposite pair of tongues 19 of themember of Fig. 5 through the opposite pair of slots 30 in member 29 andbending them over, securing plate 29 in clamping relation to thecondenser stack. Inasmuch as the total thicknesses of the stack and fishpaper insulators 22 and 28 exceed the height of the side portions 18'ofthe member of Fig. 5, the member 29 when locked in position exerts apressure upon the active area of the stack, and if member 29 is a springthe stack is kept under constant pressure irrespective of temperaturechanges therein causing expansion and construction thereof and thus.making the losses lower, reducing brushing, and maintaining the capacityconstant. The plate 29 is'placed parallel with the sheets composing thestack and the complete clamp or casing comprising the combined parts ofFigs. 5 and 6 constitutes a rigid connection between the flat portionsengaging opposite sides of the stack, the parts 18 providing a rigidconnection at right angles to said flat parts. The angular portion 31extending from the plate 29 is for the pun pose of securing thecondenser to any suitable support.

The portions of the insulators 22, 25 and 2 8 pro ecting beyond oppositeends of the casing or clamp of Fig. 5' provide openended box-likeinsulating structures 32 (Figs. 4 and 9) at opposite ends of the casingbeyond the stack through which pass or project the stranded leads 9a,10a, 11a and 12. As shown more clearly in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 9, theseleads are arranged or connected to the several parts of the condenserstack in spacedapart and staggered relation, whereby they are morethoroughly insulated from each other. Furthermore, as shown in Figs. 3and 9, these leads project from the stack at such points that they areseparated from each other by the fish paper or mica separators 13. Theleads are also protected from contact with the metal casing by thebox-like open-ended projecting portions 32 of insulating material. Thebox-like portions 32. after the condenser is assembled, are filled withsome fusible insulating material such as a mixture of hot molten beeswaxand rosin or with molten sulfur which is solid at normal temperatures.This forms upon solidification an embedment for the several leads 9a,10a, 11a and 12, which grips them and maintains them rigidly in positionand prevents their bending around their points of connection to the foilterminals. The leads therefore are very rigidly and securely positionedon the condenser, first soldering their fanned-out ends indicatedgenerally at 33, 34 and 35 to the foil terminals in the manner describedabove, and secondly by embeddingthe inner portions thereof in saidsolid, insulating material which prevents all movement thereof adjacentthe inner ends of the leads, the outer ends of the leads, of course,

being free to be bent for attachment to different points.

In the form of the condenser herein illustrated as a specific embodimentof the invention, that is, a series antenna condenser, the condenser maybe connected in the radio circuit to give different capacities. For thispurpose, the lead 9a is the common lead of the system, while the leads10a, 11a and 12 may be each connected up as desired to form a condensercircuit with the lead 9a. In the specific embodiment of the inventionhere illustrated, with the leads 9a and 10a connected, there is acapacity of .0004 mfd.; with the leads 9a and 11a connected, there is acapacity of .0002 mfd.; and with the leads 9a and 12 connected, there isa capacity of .0003 mfd.

The condenser stack is thoroughly insulated from the casing by saidinsulating plates 22, 25, and 28 arranged to form terminal insulators32, filled with suitable insulating material such as those specifiedabove.

By providing some conductive foils 36, 37, and 38, of greater thicknessand increased the other fails, the

isacis, prev sly soidareii me'itimimL emci all die y assemblefl,

a mini anti fishnet-1y 01- comma-61 51011 comprising with an -7-i1i56casing posiie ends casing" holding the insulating casin in dampingrelatiml with the stack of condenser s1 sets; 211151 the condense? sisextending out thru said a insulating and metal casii'igs, condensercomprising 'nie posed dielectric (if insulating mate- Js and otherwise011* sheets; and a bozziike a, epgosit' ends regism ends he insulatingin pmstions interlocking wiih sting casing and otherting casing",mmienser C(HIDIlSIHQj interposed. dielectric sing in 3W0 parts reqcssface is lace with m: ml: Ms A l prising (and. an interposed disiec'ivriu metal m2" theref 1 havnwmrdiy extending lips; anti @n- ClOEiiHfif thecondenser sheets 5 1 ins 1mm the metal CilSilocked n th pi'cjectin (filmfrom opposite ends of the inemi casing lips lying; in the s is n in(its, and two i. W081i the 1' "s thereto 1,; she COIIdQHSQl s ba i-ween"m but the ends of the latter projecting beyond said sheet metalstructure; condenser terminals extending from the condenser armaturesout thru said open ends of the insulating structure; and enibedments ofinsulating material cast in the spaces surrounding said terminalsbetween the condenser armature the insulating ing number of terminalleads fused to said.

terminals, insulated from said metal casing, and located in spaced apartand staggered relation to one another at one end of the casing.

11. A sheet-stack condenser including metal foil armature sheets and aninterposed dielectric sheet arranged in a stack; a conductive sheethaving thickness and tensile strength greater than said foil sheets andarranged face to face with said stack: a casing extending around thestack and including sheet insulating material having a face lyingagainst said conductive sheet; said sheet insulating material. foils andconductive sheet extending beyond an end of the stack and the projectingfoils being made conductively integral with said conductive sheetadjacent said sheet insulating material forming a strong term nal forthe condenser beyond the stack but within the sheet insulating materialand metallic means holding in close face to face relation, the sheetinsulating material. the conductive sheet and the stack of condenserfoils and interposed dielectric sheet.

19. In an electrical condenser, a stack comprising altcrnate sheets offoil and dielectric, a metal clamp surrounding said stack and open atits opposite ends, and insulating sheets surrounding said stack andinsulating the stack from the clamp, said clamp and insulating sheetsbeing provided with co-0pcrating means for locking the latter within theclamp.

, 13. In an electrical condenser, a stack comprising alternate sheets offoil and dielectric and having foil terminals, a two-part metal clampsurrounding said stack and including a a springinelnber, the two partsbeing secured together around the stack to exert a spring pressurethereon and open at its opposite ends, sheets of insulation interposedbetween said stack and clamp, projecting beyond the opposite open endsof said clamp and providing box-like structures of insulating materialat opposite ends, means being provided on the clamp for securing thestack and insulating sheets therein, flexible leads soldered to the foilterminals of said condenser and extending through said box-likestructures, and an embedment of fusible solid insulating material withinsaid box-like structures, sealing in said leads and preventing movementthereof.

14. A sheet-stack condenser including flexible armature sheets and aninterposed dielectric sh'eet arranged in a stack; a sheet insulatingcasing extending around the stack, projecting beyond an end thereof anditself formed with-an open end, and establishing an open ended space atsaid stack end, the ends of said flexible armature sheets extending intosaid end space; and a sheet metal casing extending around the stackholding the faces of the insulating casing in contact with the faces ofthe stack, and extending around the portion of .the insulating casingwhich extends beyond the stack and reenforcing said portion and likewisehaving an open end; a lead extending from outside into said end space;said projecting ends of the flexible armature in said end spacebeing'made conductively integral with one another and with the end ofsaid lead within said end space; and readily flexible insulatingmaterial supported in said end space by said projecting portion of theinsulating casing, said insulating material embedding and supportingsaid foils and the lead united therewith in said end space.

15. In an electrical condenser, a stack com prising sections connectedin series, separators between sections, leads extending from certain ofsaid sections, whereby a combination of capacities may be obtained, acasing enclosing said stack and having open-ended portions projectingbeyond the stack through which said leads extend, said leads beingstaggered and spaced from each other and separated by said sectionalseparators, and a solid embedment of insulating material surroundingsaid leads within said open-ended portions of the condenser casing.

16. In an electrical condenser, a stack comprising alternate sheets offoil and dielectric, two strips of insulating material arranged face toface with opposite faces of said stack; and clamping means comprisingmetal plates engaging the outer faces of said insulating strips andhaving rigid lateral portions relatively bent over each other holdingthe insulating strips in clamping relation with the faces of the stack,at least one of said metal plates being springy to maintain saidclamping pressure resiliently,

17. In an electrical condenser, a stack comprising alternate sheets offoil and dielectric, sheet metal clamping means therefor, sheets ofinsulating material interposed between said clamping means and the stackand projecting beyond an end of the stack, said clamping means extendinglaterally around the stack and insulating sheets and having adjacentedges formed integral with relatively movable interlocking means holdingthe clamp in operative relation; a lead connected to said end of thestack and extending between said insulating sheets; and a solid readilyfusible insulating material supported by said projecting portions of theinsulating sheets, said fusible material in solidified conditionsupporting said extending portion of said lead.

18. in an electrical condenser, a stack having a metal clamptherearound, insulating sheets interposed between said clamp andopposite sides of said stack and projecting beyond the stack at oppositeends, insulating end pieces retained in position by said insulatingsheets, and leads connected to opposite ends of the stack andextendingthrough said insulating end pieces between said insulating sheets.

19 in an electrical condenser, a stack having leads connected thereto atopposite ends, a metal casing enclosing said stack and having insulatingwalls at opposite ends and insulating bushings on said walls throughwhich said leads and said insulation extend.

20. ln an electrical condenser, a stack, a metal casing extending aroundthe stack but open its ends; insulating means between the faces of thestack and the inner faces of said metal casing; hollow insulating meansextending thru the open :ends of said metal casing and projecting beyondthe casing ends; leads connected to the opposite ends of stack andextending through said hollow projecting insulating means; and a fillerof solid readily fusible insulating material in said heiow projectinginsulating means and supporting said leads extending therethru.

21. sheet-sta t: condenser including a mature sheets and a dielectricsheet stacked together face to face and a sheet-metal clam casing ereforincluding a member formed with a net portion engaging one of the staclrtwo opposite integral sides n opposite the edges of the stack, and twoEL stifleners for the sheet metal member sheet stacked together face toface; a casing therefor including a sheet metal member formed with afiat portion lying face to face with the stack and formed also with twointegral side portions themselves formed with integral inwardlyprojecting lips; an insulating strip interposed between one of saidintegral side portions and the stack; and an insulating strip interposedbetween said flat portion and a face of the stack; said two insulatinstrips being held by said lips from endwise movement.

23. A sheet stack condenser including armature sheets and an interposeddielectric sheet stacked together face to face; a casing thereforincluding a sheet-metal member formed with a flat portion lying face toface with the stack and formed also with two integral side portionsthemselves formed with integral inwardly projecting lips; and aninsulating strip interposed between said flat portion and a face of thestack and held by said lips from endwise movement.

24. A sheet-stack condenser including armature shects and an interposeddielectric sheet stacked together face to face; a casing thereforincluding a sheet metal member formed with a Hat portion lying face toface with the stack and formed also with two in tegral side portionsthemselves formed with integral inwardly projectin lips; and aninsulating strip interposed between one of said integral side portionsand the stack and held by said lips from endwise movement.

25. A sheet-stack condenser including armature, sheets and an interposeddielectric sheet stacked together face to face; a casing thereforincluding a sheet metal member formed with a flat portion lying face toface with the stack; and sheet insulating material between the stack andsaid metal member; the metal member being formed at its portions lyingbeyond the ends of the stack with integral inwardly extending portionslying in the path of endwise movement of said sheet insulating materialand preventing such movement,

26. A. sheet-stack condenser including armature sheets and an interposeddielectric sheet stacked together face to face, a thinwalled insulatingcasing extending around the stack; and a sheet metal casing extendingaround said insulating casing and formed with integral portionsextending inwardly at opposite ends of the stack and hold the insulatingcasing from relative cndwise movements.

:27. A sheet-stack condenser including armature sheets and an interposeddielectric sheet stacked together face to face; an insulating casingextending around the faces and sides of the stack; and a sheet metalcasing extending around said insulating casing formed with integralortions projectinn wardly at opposite of the stash strips against thecondenser sheets, said metallic casing including also inwardlyprojecting portions holding the other two insu lating strips which arenot clamped against the condenser sheets, from relative endwisemovements.

29. A sheet metal condenser including armature sheets and an interposeddielectric sheet, the edges of the sheets lying at the sides of thestack; a sheet metal casing extending around the stack and spaced fromthe sides thereof; and sheet insulating means betweenthe faces of thestack and the sheet 1 metal casing; said casing having adjacent portionsextending longitudinally of the stack and formed with integralinterlocking means holding the casing in clamping relation with saidsheet insulating means and the faces of the stack thereby retaining thecondenser armature and dielectric sheets in operative relation with oneanother.

30. A sheet-stack condenser including armature sheets and an interposeddielectric sheet, the edges of the sheets lyingv at the sides of thestack; a metallic casing extending around the faces and sides of thestack;

' means insulating the inner faces of the easing from the faces of thestack, the faces of the casing holding said insulating means against thefaces of the stack; the casing having a construction forming spacesbetween its sides and the sides of the stack; and a readily fusibleinsulating embedment filling said spaces and embedding the edges of thestack-sheets, said fillers each extending between the two faces of themetallic casing which hold said insulating means against thestack-faces.

81. An electrical condenser including armature sheets stacked togetherwith an interposed dielectric sheet; a casing of insulating materialextending around said condenser sheets and having two portions ar rangedface to face with said sheets; and a casing of sheet metal extendingaround the insulating casing holding the latter in place and compressingits said face to face portions against the stack of sheets holding thesheets in operative surface relation to one another in the stack.

a 'a I w i a u a a. n2. An electrical condenser including ar eeascemature sheets stacked together with an interposed dielectric sheet;strips of insulating material facing the surfaces of said stack.

and a sheet metal stack-clamping casing having surfaces face to facewith the stack faces, engaging the insulating strips and having adjacentedges formed with integral cooperating means movable relative to oneanother tightening the casing-faces as a clamp toward the faces of thestack and holding the condenser sheets in operative surface relation toone another in the stack.

33. A sheet-stack condenser including armature sheets and an interposeddielectric sheet stacked together face to face; and a sheet metalstack-clamping casing extending laterally around the stack and havingsurfaces facing the stack faces and having adjacent edges formedintegrally with relatively movable interlocking means holding thesurfaces of the casing facing the stack-Smv faces in positions clampingthe condenser sheets together in the stack.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aihx my signature.

WILLIAM H. PRIESS.

